THE PASSIVE
- FEATURES
- The Voice
- Division of Voice
- Rules of Changing Voices
- Transformation of Active and Passive Voice
- Exam-based Questions and Simplified Answers
- Sample Questions for Examination
- Review of Previous Years' Questions
DETAILS EXPLANATION OF THE FEATURES LISTED ABOVE:- The Voice
👉 What is a Voice?Ans- Voice is the action of Subject or doer as per tense of the sentence. If the subject does the action himself or herself or itself, then the Sentence is called in the Active Voice. On the other hand, if the action acts upon the subject, then it becomes the Passive Voice.
ଭଏସ୍ ହେଉଛି ବାକ୍ୟର ଟେନ୍ସ ଅନୁଯାୟୀ ବିଷୟ ବା କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକର୍ତ୍ତାଙ୍କ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ | ଯଦି ବିଷୟଟି ନିଜେ କିମ୍ବା ନିଜେ କ୍ରିୟା କରେ, ତେବେ ଆକ୍ଟିଭ୍ ଭଏସରେ ସେଣ୍ଟେନ୍ସ କୁହାଯାଏ | ଅନ୍ୟ ପଟେ, ଯଦି କ୍ରିୟା ବିଷୟ ଉପରେ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ କରେ, ତେବେ ଏହା ପାସିଭ୍ ଭଏସ୍ ହୋଇଯାଏ |
We can also define these two actions ie. Active and Passive in another way like- In the active voice, the subject does the action, whereas in the passive voice the subject receives the action.
ଆମେ ମଧ୍ୟ ଏହି ଦୁଇଟି କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକୁ ବ୍ୟାଖ୍ୟା କରିପାରିବା | ଅନ୍ୟ ଉପାୟରେ ଏକ୍ଟିଭି ଭଏସ ଏବଂ ପାସିଭ୍ ଭଏସ ଯେପରି- ଏକ୍ଟିଭି ଭଏସ ରେ , ସବଜେକ୍ଟ କ୍ରିୟା କରିଥାଏ, ଯେତେବେଳେ କି ପେଷିବ ଭଏସ ରେ ସବଜେକ୍ଟ କ୍ରିୟା ଗ୍ରହଣ କରିଥାଏ |
Let's have some examples- 
Active- Everyone drinks waterPassive- Water is drunk by everyone.(here- by everyone- is optional, we may omit it and say- Water is drunk. Because here everyone implies a common idea or common sense)
Active- Shakespeare wrote Hamlet.Passive- Hamlet was written by Shakespeare.
Active- I ate a piece of chocolate cake.Passive- A piece of chocolate cake was eaten by me.
Active- The librarian read the book to the students. Passive- The book was read to the students by the librarian/ The students were read the book by the librarian.
Active- Someone stole the money.Passive- The money was stolen. ( by someone- is optional)
Active- I washed my car three weeks ago.Passive- My car was washed three weeks ago(before) by me/ Three weeks ago my car was washed by me.
Active- A professional cut his hair.Passive- His hair was cut by a professional.
Active- I will introduce you to my boss this week.Passive- You will be introduced to my boss this week.
Active- The students are singing the national anthem. Passive- The national anthem is being sung by the students.
2. Division of Voice👉 What are the divisions of voice?Ans- Voices are divided into two divisions. They are Active and Passive. The Active Voice is used in common whereas Passive Voice is prefered when Active Voice seems unusual.
3. Rules of Changing Voices👉 What are the basic rules of changing voices?Ans- There are certain basic rules of changing voices from Active to Passive. They are given below-- The subject becomes Object and the Object becomes Subject.
- A be-verb is used before the main verb as per tense of the main verb and number of the new Subject.
- The main verb always remains in third form ie. in past participle form.
- The word-' by ' is used before the new object.
4. Transformation of Active and Passive Voice➤ Changing Voice for Present Simple Sentences-- Declarative sentence/ First Person as Subject (I, we)
- Structures- Active= I,we+ mv(main verb in present simple)+ object
- Structures- Passive= object+ be verb(is,am,are)+mv3(in third form)+ by+subject
Active- I go to school every day (expressing fact)
Passive- School is gone every day by me.
Active- We see tigers in the forest. (expressing fact)
Passive- Tigers are seen in the forest by us.
Active- I know that the Sun rises in the east. (scientific truth)Passive- It is known to me that the Sun rises in the east/ The Sun rises in the east is known to me/ That the Sun rises in the east is known by me.
Active- We see stars in the sky. ( fact )Passive- Stars are seen in the sky by us.
- Declarative sentence/ Second Person as Subject (You)
- Structures- Active= you+ mv1(present simple)+ object
- Structures- Passive= object+ is,are,am(as require)+ mv3+ by+ subject
Active- You find difficulties in daily homework.(fact)
Passive- Difficulties are found in daily homework by you.
Active- You respect your teacher. (habit)
Passive- Your teacher is respected by you.
Active- You do well in math. (fact) Passive- Math is done well by you.
Active- You know how to swim.(fact,habit) Passive- How to swim is known by you.
- Declarative sentence/ Third Person as Subject (He, She, It, This, That, These, Those, They)
- Structures- Active= He,she,it,this,that,these,those,they(as require)+ mv1(with 's' for singular subject/ without 's' for plural subject)+ object
- Structures- Passive= object+ is,am,are(as require)+ mv3+ by+ subject
Active- He/she knows knitting sweaters. (habit )
Passive- Knitting sweaters is known to him/her
or Knitting sweaters are known by him/her.
Active-He/she sings well, everybody knows. ( fact ) Passive- Everybody is known that he/ she sings well.
Active- Geeta washes the dishes. Passive- The dishes are washed by Geeta.
Active- Frank feeds the dogs. (fact) Passive-The dogs are fed by Frank.
Active- Maria prepares the food. (Habit) Passive- The food is prepared by Maria.
Active- David cleans the kitchen.Passive- The kitchen is cleaned by David.
Active- My father pays the bills.Passive- The bills are paid by my father.
Active- My mother waters the plants. Passive- The plants are watered by my mother.
Active- Arthur does the laundry.Passive- The laundry is done by Arthur.
Active- My uncle drives us to school.Passive- We are driven to school by my uncle.
Interrogative Sentences in Present Simple Tense
For First-person as Subject-👉 Structure- Active=Do + I, we(subject) + mv1+ object👉Structures- Passive=Is, am, are ( as require)+ object+ mv3+ by+ subject/ 👉 What, who, whom, when, how, which,why + is,am,are ( as require)+ object+ mv3+ by+ subject
Examples:-
Active- Do I help you?Passive- Are you helped by me?/ Are you be helped by me?
Active-
- The Voice
👉 What is a Voice?
Active- Everyone drinks water
Active- Shakespeare wrote Hamlet.
Active- I ate a piece of chocolate cake.
Active- The librarian read the book to the students.
Active- Someone stole the money.
Active- I washed my car three weeks ago.
Active- A professional cut his hair.
Active- I will introduce you to my boss this week.
Active- The students are singing the national anthem.
- The subject becomes Object and the Object becomes Subject.
- A be-verb is used before the main verb as per tense of the main verb and number of the new Subject.
- The main verb always remains in third form ie. in past participle form.
- The word-' by ' is used before the new object.
- Declarative sentence/ First Person as Subject (I, we)
- Structures- Active= I,we+ mv(main verb in present simple)+ object
- Structures- Passive= object+ be verb(is,am,are)+mv3(in third form)+ by+subject
Active- I go to school every day (expressing fact)
Passive- School is gone every day by me.
Active- We see tigers in the forest. (expressing fact)
Passive- Tigers are seen in the forest by us.
Active- I know that the Sun rises in the east. (scientific truth)
Passive- It is known to me that the Sun rises in the east/ The Sun rises in the east is known to me/
That the Sun rises in the east is known by me.
Active- We see stars in the sky. ( fact )
Passive- Stars are seen in the sky by us.
- Declarative sentence/ Second Person as Subject (You)
- Structures- Active= you+ mv1(present simple)+ object
- Structures- Passive= object+ is,are,am(as require)+ mv3+ by+ subject
Passive- Difficulties are found in daily homework by you.
Active- You respect your teacher. (habit)
Passive- Your teacher is respected by you.
Passive- Math is done well by you.
Active- You know how to swim.(fact,habit)
Passive- How to swim is known by you.
- Declarative sentence/ Third Person as Subject (He, She, It, This, That, These, Those, They)
- Structures- Active= He,she,it,this,that,these,those,they(as require)+ mv1(with 's' for singular subject/ without 's' for plural subject)+ object
- Structures- Passive= object+ is,am,are(as require)+ mv3+ by+ subject
Active- He/she knows knitting sweaters. (habit )
Passive- Knitting sweaters is known to him/her
or Knitting sweaters are known by him/her.
Active-He/she sings well, everybody knows. ( fact )
Passive- Everybody is known that he/ she sings well.
Active- Geeta washes the dishes. Passive- The dishes are washed by Geeta.
Active- Maria prepares the food. (Habit) Passive- The food is prepared by Maria.
Active- David cleans the kitchen.
Passive- The kitchen is cleaned by David.
Active- My father pays the bills.
Passive- The bills are paid by my father.
Active- My mother waters the plants.
Passive- The plants are watered by my mother.
Active- Arthur does the laundry.
Passive- The laundry is done by Arthur.
Active- My uncle drives us to school.
Passive- We are driven to school by my uncle.
Interrogative Sentences in Present Simple Tense
For First-person as Subject-
👉 Structure- Active=Do + I, we(subject) + mv1+ object
👉Structures- Passive=Is, am, are ( as require)+ object+ mv3+ by+ subject/ 👉 What, who, whom, when, how, which,why + is,am,are ( as require)+ object+ mv3+ by+ subject
Examples:-
Active- Do I help you?
Passive- Are you helped by me?/
Are you be helped by me?
Active-
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