TOPIC- ON EXAMINATIONS
CONTENT FEATURES-
1. Topic- "On Examinations", an introduction
2. About the Writer
3. Analysis of Unit-1
4. Analysis of Unit-2
5. Analysis of Unit- 3
6. Analysis of Unit- 4
7.Textual Questions and Simplified Answers
8. Exam-based Questions and Simplified Answers
9. Review of Previous Years' Questions
ELABORATION OF THE ABOVE FEATURES-
1. Topic-On Examinations, an introduction
Dear readers, this topic is a syllabic content meant for +2 students under CHSE, Odisha. Students of +2 Science, Arts and Commerce are to follow this topic for their 2nd-year final examination. In this topic, the writer tries to depict his own experiences on examinations that he came across during his early days. It's really important for almost all students to perceive writer's views on examinations to make themselves fit before their own exam.
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| Winston S. Churchill |
2. About the Writer
The name of this topic's writer is Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill. He was born on 13th November 1974. He died on 24th January 1965. He was the former Prime Minister of England for two times. Once from 1940 to 1945 and later from 1951 to 1955. He was also accordingly a noted statesman and an orator. He was also an officer in the British Army, a well-known historian, a writer and an artist. His most popular writings were fiction and Non-fictions. His fictional output comprised one novel and a short story.
His fictions are 1. "Man Overboard; an Episode of the Red Sea", (Published in 1898 in "The Harmsworth Magazine" in London) 2. "Savrola" (Published in 1900 in "Macmillan's Magazine") 3. "If Lee Had Not Won the Battle of Gettysburg" (Published in 1931) 4. "The Dream" ( Published in 1987 posthumously)
His Non-fictions are 1. The Story of the Malakand Field Force- published in 1898 by Longman, London. 2. The River War- published in 1899 by Longman, London. 3. London to Ladysmith via Pretoria- published in 1900 by Longman, London & New York. 4. Ian Hamilton's March- published in 1900 by Longman, London & New York. 5. Lord Randolf Churchill- published in 1906 by Macmillan publisher, London. 6. My African Journey- published in 1908 by Hodder & Stoughton, London. 7. The World Crisis- composed to one Volume and published in 1931 by Butterworth, London. 8. My Early Life- published in 1930 by Butterworth, London. 9. Thoughts and Adventures- published in 1932 by Butterworth, London. 10. Marlborough: His Life and Times- four Volumes compiled and published in 1938 by Butterworth, London. 11. Great Contemporaries- published in 1937 and revised Edition Published in 1938. 12. The Second Worldwar- compiled and finally published in 1953 by Cassell, London. 13. Painting as a pastime- published in 1948 by Odham's Press, London. 14. A History of the English-Speaking Peoples- six volumes compiled and published in 1958 by Cassell, London.
His Other Works- Winston S Churchill is also famous for his Speeches. There are around 135 published booklets of Churchill's individual speeches. Some of them are given below-
- Mr. Broderick's Army- published in 1903 by Humphreys, London
- For Free Trade- published in 1906 by Humphreys, London
- Liberalism and the Social Problem- published in 1909 by Hodder & Stoughton, London
- The People's Rights- published in 1910 by Hodder & Stoughton, London
- Parliamentary Government and the Economic Problems- published in 1930 by The Clarendon Press, Oxford
- India: Speeches and an Introduction- published in 1931 by Butterworth, London
3. Analysis of Unit-1
Para-1
I had scarcely passed my twelfth birthday when I entered the inhospitable regions of examinations, through which for the next seven years I was destined to journey. These examinations were a great trial to me. The subjects which were dearest to the examiners were almost invariably those I fancied least. I would have liked to have been examined in history, poetry and writing essays. The examiners, on the other hand, were partial to Latin and mathematics.And, their will prevailed. Moreover, the questions which they asked on both these subjects were almost invariably those to which I was unable to suggest a satisfactory answer. I should have liked to be asked to say what I knew. They always tried to ask what I did not know. When I would have willingly displayed my knowledge, they sought to expose my ignorance. This sort of treatment had only one result: I did not do well in examinations.
ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଅନୁବାଦ - ମୁଁ ଯେତେବେଳେ ମୋର ଦ୍ୱାଦଶ ଜନ୍ମଦିନ ଅତି କମ୍ରେ ପାସ୍ କରିଥିଲି ଯେତେବେଳେ ମୁଁ ପରୀକ୍ଷାର ଅପାରଗ ଅଞ୍ଚଳରେ ପ୍ରବେଶ କରିଥିଲି, ଯାହା ମାଧ୍ୟମରେ ପରବର୍ତ୍ତୀ ସାତ ବର୍ଷ ପାଇଁ ମୁଁ ଯାତ୍ରା କରିବାକୁ ସ୍ଥିର କରିଥିଲି | ଏହି ପରୀକ୍ଷାଗୁଡ଼ିକ ମୋ ପାଇଁ ଏକ ବଡ଼ ପରୀକ୍ଷା ଥିଲା | ପରୀକ୍ଷାର୍ଥୀମାନଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ ଯେଉଁ ବିଷୟଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଅତି ପ୍ରିୟ ଥିଲା, ସେଗୁଡ଼ିକ ପ୍ରାୟତ ସର୍ବଦା କମ୍ ଥିଲା | ମୋତେ ଇତିହାସ, କବିତା ଓ ପ୍ରବନ୍ଧ ଲେଖାରେ ପରୀକ୍ଷା କରାଯାଇ ଥିଲେ ମୁଁ ପସନ୍ଦ କରିଥାନ୍ତି | ଅନ୍ୟପକ୍ଷରେ, ପରୀକ୍ଷକମାନେ ଲାଟିନ୍ ଏବଂ ଗଣିତରେ ଆଂଶିକ ଥିଲେ ଏବଂ ସେମାନଙ୍କର ଇଚ୍ଛା ଜିତିଥିଲା | ଅଧିକନ୍ତୁ, ସେମାନେ ଏହି ଦୁଇଟି ବିଷୟ ଉପରେ ପଚାରିଥିବା ପ୍ରଶ୍ନଗୁଡ଼ିକ ପ୍ରାୟତ ସର୍ବଦା ଥିଲା ଯାହାକୁ ମୁଁ ଏକ ସନ୍ତୋଷଜନକ ଉତ୍ତର ଦେବାକୁ ଅସମର୍ଥ | ମୁଁ ଯାହା ଜାଣେ ତାହା କହିବାକୁ ମୋତେ ପଚାରିବାକୁ ପସନ୍ଦ କରିବା ଉଚିତ୍ | ସେମାନେ ସବୁବେଳେ ପଚାରିବାକୁ ଚେଷ୍ଟା କଲେ ଯାହା ମୁଁ ଜାଣିନଥିଲି | ଯେତେବେଳେ ମୁଁ ସ୍ୱଇଚ୍ଛାରେ ମୋର ଜ୍ଞାନ ପ୍ରଦର୍ଶନ କରିଥା’ନ୍ତି, ସେମାନେ ମୋର ଅଜ୍ଞତାକୁ ପ୍ରକାଶ କରିବାକୁ ଚେଷ୍ଟା କରିଥିଲେ | ଏହି ପ୍ରକାରର ଚିକିତ୍ସାର କେବଳ ଗୋଟିଏ ଫଳାଫଳ ଥିଲା: ମୁଁ ପରୀକ୍ଷାରେ ଭଲ କରି ନ ଥିଲି |
Clarification of content Vocabularies
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| scarcely flowers in plate |
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| Adequate flowers in plate |
Scarcely- adv/ସ୍ୱଳ୍ପ,କୋଚିତ, କମ, ଅଳ୍ପ, ନ୍ୟୁନ/ Synonyms-hardly, rarely, seldom, imperceptibly, scantily, slightly/ Antonyms- frequently, adequately, commonly, sufficiently/
Used in sentence- 1. He scarcely did bad in examination.
2. It is raining scarcely this year. 3. She scarcely dances on stage.
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| Inhospitable persons making quarrels |
Inhospitable-adj/ ଅମେଳାପି, ଶତ୍ରୁ, ଅସଙ୍ଗତ/Synonyms- unfriendly, hostile, unfavourable, cool, rude, ungenerous, unsociable/ Antonyms- friendly, nice, generous, hospitable, kind.
Used in sentence- 1. This soil is inhospitable ( unfavourable) for plants.
2. We should not build inhospitable characteristics. 3. Quarrel often creates inhospitable situations.
Destined-
7. Textual Questions and Simplified Answers
Unit-1/ Think it out-Short Answer Type/ Subjective
Q1. Does the writer like examinations?Quote the line in support of your answer?
Q1। ଲେଖକ ପରୀକ୍ଷାକୁ ପସନ୍ଦ କରନ୍ତି କି? ତୁମ ଉତ୍ତରକୁ ସମର୍ଥ କରି ଧାଡି ମାନ ବାଖ୍ୟାକାର ?
Ans- Speaking invariably, the writer doesn't like examinations. The reason is that he is asked the questions of subjects which are not dearest to him and thus examinations are great trial to him.
ଉତ୍ତର- ସର୍ବଦା କହିବାକୁ ଗଲେ , ଲେଖକ ପରୀକ୍ଷାକୁ ପସନ୍ଦ କରନ୍ତି ନାହିଁ | ଏହାର କାରଣ ହେଉଛି ଯେ ତାଙ୍କୁ ଯେଉଁ ବିଷୟଗୁଡିକର ପ୍ରଶ୍ନ ପଚରାଯାଏ ତାହା ତାଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ ପ୍ରିୟ ନୁହେଁ ଏବଂ ଏହିପରି ପରୀକ୍ଷା ତାଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ ଏକ ବଡ଼ ପରୀକ୍ଷା ଅଟେ |
Q2. Mention the subjects that were dearest to the examiners.
Q2। ପରୀକ୍ଷାର୍ଥୀମାନଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ ପ୍ରିୟ ବିଷୟଗୁଡିକ ବିଷୟରେ ଉଲ୍ଲେଖ କରନ୍ତୁ |
Ans- According to the writer, the subjects like Latin and Mathematics were dearest to the examiners.
ଉତ୍ତର- ଲେଖକଙ୍କ କହିବାନୁସାରେ, ଲାଟିନ୍ ଏବଂ ଗଣିତ ଭଳି ବିଷୟ ପରୀକ୍ଷାର୍ଥୀମାନଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ ପ୍ରିୟ ଥିଲା |
Q3. Which subjects did the writer like the most?
Q3। ଲେଖକ କେଉଁ ବିଷୟକୁ ଅଧିକ ପସନ୍ଦ କରିଥିଲେ?
Ans- The subjects like history, poetry and writing essays the writer liked the most.
ଉତ୍ତର- ଇତିହାସ, କବିତା ଏବଂ ଲେଖା ପ୍ରବନ୍ଧଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଲେଖକ ଅଧିକ ପସନ୍ଦ କରିଥିଲେ |
Q4. What reason does the writer give for his not doing well in the examinations?
Q4। ପରୀକ୍ଷାରେ ଭଲ ପ୍ରଦର୍ଶନ ନକରିବା ପାଇଁ ଲେଖକ କେଉଁ କାରଣ ଦିଅନ୍ତି?
Ans- The examiners were partial to Latin and mathematics who asked him questions on those subjects which the writer was unable to give satisfactory answers. Besides, whenever he tried to answer that he knew, the examiners tried to expose his ignorance. These are the reasons for which he couldn't do well in examinations.
ଉତ୍ତର- ପରୀକ୍ଷକମାନେ ଲାଟିନ୍ ଏବଂ ଗଣିତ ପାଇଁ ଆଂଶିକ ଥିଲେ ଯେଉଁମାନେ ତାଙ୍କୁ ସେହି ବିଷୟଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଉପରେ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନ ପଚାରିଥିଲେ ଯାହା ଲେଖକ ସନ୍ତୋଷଜନକ ଉତ୍ତର ଦେବାକୁ ଅସମର୍ଥ ହୋଇଥିଲେ | ଏହା ବ୍ୟତୀତ ଯେତେବେଳେ ସେ ଜାଣିଥିବା ଉତ୍ତର ଗୁଡିକ ଦେବାକୁ ଚେଷ୍ଟା କରୁଥିଲେ, ସେତେବେଳେ ସେମାନେ ତାର ଅଜ୍ଞାନତା କୁ ବଖାଣୁ ଥିଲେ l ଏଗୁଡିକ ହେଉଛି କାରଣ ଯେଉଁଥିପାଇଁ ସେ ପରୀକ୍ଷାରେ ଭଲ କରିପାରିନଥିଲେ |
Q5. What did the writer write in the answer book for the Latin paper?
Q5। ଲାଟିନ୍ କାଗଜ ପାଇଁ ଉତ୍ତର ପୁସ୍ତକରେ ଲେଖକ କ’ଣ ଲେଖିଛନ୍ତି?
Ans- The writer had scarce knowledge on Latin. This was known from his entrance examination to Harrow. In the entrance examination, he simply wrote his name on the top of the paper. Than he wrote down the number of the question as "I" and put a bracket to it as ("I"). Than he put some smudges only.
ଉତ୍ତର- ଲାଟିନ୍ ଭାଷାରେ ଲେଖକଙ୍କର ବହୁତ କମ୍ ଜ୍ଞାନ ଥିଲା | ତାଙ୍କ ହାରୋ ବିଶ୍ବବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟରେ ରେ ପ୍ରବେଶ ପରୀକ୍ଷାରୁ ଏହା ଜଣା ପଡି ଥିଲା | ପ୍ରବେଶିକା ପରୀକ୍ଷାରେ ସେ କେବଳ ନିଜ ନାମ କାଗଜ ଉପରେ ଲେଖିଥିଲେ। ସେ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନର ସଂଖ୍ୟାକୁ "ମୁଁ" ଭାବରେ ଲେଖିଥିଲେ ଏବଂ ଏଥିରେ ଏକ ବ୍ରାକେଟ୍ ରଖିଥିଲେ ଯେପରି ("ମୁଁ") | ଏହା ଅପେକ୍ଷା ସେ କେବଳ କିଛି ଅସ୍ପଷ୍ଟ ଦାଗ ପକାଇଥିଲେ |
Q6. What was the sad spectacle for him?
Q6। ତାଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ ଦୁଃଖଦ ଦୃଶ୍ୟ କ’ଣ ଥିଲା?
Ans- The sad spectacle for him was that he couldn't write a single word in his answer paper in Latin. He sat hours and simply wrote his name and question number and left some blots of smudges. He gazed for two hours at that sad spectacle.
ଉତ୍ତର- ତାଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ ଦୁଃଖଦ ଦୃଶ୍ୟ ହେଲା ଯେ ସେ ଲାଟିନ୍ ଭାଷାରେ ତାଙ୍କ ଉତ୍ତର କାଗଜରେ ଗୋଟିଏ ଶବ୍ଦ ଲେଖିପାରିଲେ ନାହିଁ | ସେ ଘଣ୍ଟା ଘଣ୍ଟା ଧରି ବସିଥିଲେ ଏବଂ କେବଳ ତାଙ୍କ ନାମ ଏବଂ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନ ନମ୍ବର ଲେଖିଥିଲେ ଏବଂ କିଛି ଅସ୍ପଷ୍ଟ ଦାଗ ଛାଡିଥିଲେ | ସେ ସେହି ଦୁଃଖଦ ଦୃଶ୍ୟକୁ ଦୁଇ ଘଣ୍ଟା ଚାହିଁ ରହିଲେ |
Q7. What was the writer's position in the merit list for admission?
Q7। ଆଡମିଶନ ପାଇଁ ମେରିଟ୍ ତାଲିକାରେ ଲେଖକଙ୍କ ସ୍ଥିତି କ’ଣ ଥିଲା?
Ans- The writer was in the lowest form in his class. His name was placed just above two other students in merit list for admission.
ଉତ୍ତର- ଲେଖକ ତାଙ୍କ ଶ୍ରେଣୀରେ ସର୍ବନିମ୍ନ ରୂପରେ ଥିଲେ | ଆଡମିଶନ ପାଇଁ ମେରିଟ୍ ତାଲିକାରେ ତାଙ୍କ ନାମ ଅନ୍ୟ ଦୁଇଜଣ ଛାତ୍ରଙ୍କ ଉପରେ ରଖାଯାଇଥିଲା |
Q8. Whom does he give the credit of his success in the Entrance Examination?Why?
Q8। ସେ ପ୍ରବେଶିକା ପରୀକ୍ଷାରେ ସଫଳତାର ଶ୍ରେୟ କାହାକୁ ଦିଅନ୍ତି? କାହିଁକି?
Ans- The writer gives the credit of his success in the Entrance Examination to the then Headmaster of Harrow, Dr. Welldon. Dr. Welldon was a man of looking beneath the surface. Despite the writer's blank answer paper, he selected him for admission.
ଉତ୍ତର- ଲେଖକ ହରୋର ତତ୍କାଳୀନ ହେଡମାଷ୍ଟର ଡ: ୱେଲଡନଙ୍କୁ ପ୍ରବେଶିକା ପରୀକ୍ଷାରେ ସଫଳତାର ଶ୍ରେୟ ଦେଇଛନ୍ତି। ଡକ୍ଟର ୱେଲଡନ୍ ଭୂପୃଷ୍ଠ ତଳେ ଦେଖାଯାଉଥିବା ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ଥିଲେ। ଲେଖକଙ୍କ ଖାଲି ଉତ୍ତର କାଗଜ ସତ୍ୱେ ସେ ତାଙ୍କୁ ଆଡମିଶନ ପାଇଁ ଚୟନ କରିଥିଲେ |
Q9. What does he mean by- ' I gained no more advantage from the alphabet than from the wider sphere of letters?
Q10. How did he become the last boy in the class?
Q11. What is the custom of calling the roll at Harrow?
Q12. What is the custom of calling the roll at Eton?
Q13. ' Why, he's last of all- why did people say so?
ConversionConversion EmoticonEmoticon